[stevem]

Thanks for pointing me in the right direction, Yoda. I picked up a lot from studying 7-3, 2-J-3, and 10-19-A/C in more detail.

For either hitting or swinging, during the downswing, the right forearm needs to do two things: (1) get on plane, and (2) trace a straight delivery line. How the forearm gets on plane, and which line it traces, is different for hitting and swinging procedures. I now understand that delivery paths guide the hands, while delivery lines are either traced by the right forearm, or covered by the clubhead.

When hitting, the right elbow wants to get into a "trailing" position relative to the hands (push basic stroke position) and the forearm will push directly down the inclined plane, tracing the delivery line of the 10-5-E closed plane line. Assuming that ball contact is made prior to low point, a hitting motion will always have a cross line delivery, because the delivery line is formed by the chord connecting low point and impact.

When swinging, the right elbow wants to get into a "leading" position relative to the hands (pitch basic stroke position) supporting the swingers centered angular pulling motion. The right forearm will also trace out the delivery line which in this case will correspond to the target line. The arc of approach is the visual equivalent of the club head path on the ground and is the same as tracing the target line or 10-5-A plane line.

So now, finally, I think I can answer my own question and it is embarrassingly simple: if you are swinging you shouldn’t use the angle of approach procedure because you can’t “pull away from the center” you can only “pull towards the center”. When you use the arc of approach you are “pulling towards the center” and when you use the angle of approach you are “pushing away from center”.

PS. I guess anyone who says “swing towards right field” should really be saying “hit towards right field”…